The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), a part of the World Health Organization (WHO), has updated its stance on coffee consumption and cancer risk. The IARC stated that there is no conclusive evidence linking coffee consumption to cancer. However, it emphasized that all “very hot” beverages, including coffee, could potentially be carcinogenic.
Previously, the IARC had classified coffee as a “possible carcinogen” under the “2B” category, similar to substances like chloroform and lead. This classification was based on earlier studies suggesting a potential link between coffee consumption and cancer. However, the IARC has revised this classification following an extensive review of over a thousand scientific studies conducted on humans and animals. The latest review found “no conclusive evidence of a carcinogenic effect” specifically related to coffee consumption.
The IARC’s updated assessment highlights that beverages consumed at temperatures of about 65 degrees Celsius (149 degrees Fahrenheit) or higher could pose a risk of esophageal cancer. This finding applies not only to coffee but also to other hot beverages such as tea and hot water. The agency’s conclusions are based on scientific evidence indicating that very hot drinks can cause thermal injury to the esophagus, potentially leading to cancer.
The IARC, based in Lyon, France, conducted its review meticulously, examining a broad range of studies to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the potential risks associated with hot beverage consumption. The updated classification reflects the current understanding of the relationship between beverage temperature and cancer risk.
The National Coffee Association in the United States welcomed the IARC’s decision to reclassify coffee, describing it as “great news for coffee drinkers.” This change is expected to reassure millions of coffee enthusiasts who can continue to enjoy their favorite beverage without undue concern about cancer risks, provided they avoid consuming it at excessively high temperatures.
This updated stance aligns with other health recommendations that advise allowing hot beverages to cool down before consumption to minimize the risk of thermal injury and potential cancer development.
In summary, while coffee itself is not considered a carcinogen, the temperature at which it is consumed plays a crucial role in its potential health risks. The WHO and IARC recommend moderation and caution when consuming very hot beverages to ensure safety and health.