Roasted Arabica Coffee Contains Natural Compounds That Fight Diabetes
Dubai, September 3, 2025 (Qahwa World) – A new scientific study has revealed that roasted Arabica coffee beans contain natural compounds with powerful blood sugar–lowering effects, stronger than the widely used antidiabetic drug acarbose.
Researchers successfully identified three novel diterpene esters, named Caffaldehyde A, B, and C, which showed significant inhibition of the enzyme α-glucosidase, a key factor in blood sugar regulation. In addition, three more diterpenes with similar effects were discovered, reinforcing coffee’s role as a functional food with health benefits beyond basic nutrition.
Coffee as a Functional Food
Functional foods are those that contain biologically active compounds providing added benefits such as antioxidant protection, neuroprotection, lipid regulation, and blood sugar control. Coffee is not only one of the most consumed beverages worldwide but also one of the most economically valuable crops.
More than 70 diterpenes have been documented in coffee so far. Among them, kahweol and cafestol stand out for their anticancer and antidiabetic properties. However, roasted coffee remains chemically complex, making the discovery of new active compounds a challenging yet essential task.
Research Methodology
The research team employed advanced techniques combining Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) with Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This innovative approach enabled faster detection of bioactive molecules while reducing solvent use, making the process more efficient and eco-friendly.
Findings
The diterpene extract was divided into 19 fractions. Fractions 9–13 exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, leading to the discovery of three novel compounds – Caffaldehyde A, B, and C. These were structurally confirmed and shown to lower blood sugar effectively.
Additionally, three other compounds were identified: magaric acid, octadecenoic acid, and nonadecanoic acid, which also showed promising inhibitory activity.
Conclusion
This discovery demonstrates that roasted Arabica coffee beans are more than a daily beverage – they are a rich source of natural compounds with strong therapeutic potential. The identification of six novel compounds represents a significant step in understanding coffee’s health role and opens the door for developing innovative nutritional and medical approaches to diabetes management.
As coffee continues to hold its place as a cultural and economic staple, it also reveals itself as a functional food with the potential to support better public health and inspire further natural treatment research.
